 Stage 37 ~ consilium
It's time to enter the powerhouse of the Roman Empire - it’s time to go into the Emperor's palace and eavesdrop on his Council of Friends! The date is AD 84, and Domitian must make some important decisions about Agricola, the governor of Britain, and the on-going war in the British Isles. What will the Council advise? |
| epistula | | | Page 33. In the remote Roman province of Britain, Agricola, the island's governor & military commander, has been waging war on the Scots. Here’s his letter to Emperor Domitian, revealing the recent outcome of the decisive Battle of Mons Graupius. Victory or defeat? What next, and where next, for Agricola? |
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| amici principis | | | Page 34. Back in Rome, the Emperor Domitian has hastily summoned his friends and advisors to a Council. What can have happened? What should they advise? Two of the Emperor’s friends nervously wait his arrival, and quietly discuss their options. |
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| consilium Domitiani I | | | Page 37. Domitian enters - and trepidation fills the council chamber. The Emperor has just received Agricola's letter and wants advice. Should Agricola be allowed to advance to Ireland and win more glory, or should he be recalled while the going’s good? |
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| consilium Domitiani II | | | Page 40. Glabrio may just have condemned himself with his advice that seems critical of the Emperor! The other "advisors" quickly disown him. Domitian remains silent and brooding... What should he do with Agricola and Glabrio? |
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| Domitian's Palace see Stage 39in Book V. |
The Emperor's Council 1: sculpture| |
The title-page of Stage 37 is a scene from the Ara Pacis (Altar of Peace) in Rome, dedicated by the Emperor Augustus in 13 BC. It shows members of the Roman Senate paying homage to the Emperor. |
The Emperor's Council 2: sculpture| |
Marble relief from the Roman Forum showing the emperor Trajan with his advisors, as depicted on p.44. This sculpture, the so-called Plutei, is thought to show the emperor cancelling debts; originally a balustrade, perhaps from the Rostrum, it is now displayed in the Senate House (Curia). |
The Emperor's Council 3| |
A "Who's Who" of Domitian's Council (i.e. the 15 friends), and the other officers, generals and powerful men of Emperor's court. |
The Emperor's Council 4| |
An excellent article looking at Domitian's imperial court. |
The Emperor's Council 5: a Latin satire| |
Satire IV by the Roman poet Juvenal is a satirical description of a meeting of the Emperor's consilium convened to discuss how to cook a strange fish! Here it is in Latin; unfortunately, no English translation yet exists on the Internet. And here's a little information on Juvenal. |
L. Catullus Messalinus| |
This man's character and reputation are revealed in one of Pliny's letters (4.22). Scroll down to the bottom of the page where "Letter 4.XXII to Sempronius Rufus" begins. He's also mentioned in Juvenal's Satire IV (see above). |
Q. Vibius Crispus 1| |
This politician had a reputation for being witty; here's why. In this extract from Suetonius' The Twelve Caesars, scroll to Section III, to read Crispus' famous remark about Domitian and flies. |
Q. Vibius Crispus 2| |
An extract from Tacitus' Histories describes the character of Vibius Crispus. He's also mentioned in Juvenal's Satire IV (see above). |
A. Fabricius Veiento| |
With a reputation as an informer, he survived Domitian's reign. Pliny gives a passing mention in "Letter 4.XXII to Sempronius Rufus". He's also mentioned in Juvenal's Satire IV (see above). |
Senatorial Career & Cursus Honorum See Roman Poli
Curule Chair 1| |
Reconstruction drawing of this important magistates' chair. |
Curule Chair 2| |
Reconstruction and statue. |
Curule Chair 3| |
Silver denarius coin showing Titus and a curule chair with wreath. |
AGRICOLA
| See also Agricola and Romans in Scotland weblink sections in Stage 26in Book III for more information both on Agricola and the Battle of Mons Graupius. |
Battle of Mons Graupius: Tacitus Agricola 36-| |
Tacitus' account of the Battle of Mons Graupius in Scotland. Use the webpage's forward arrows to read further. Don't forget the other weblinks in Stage 26. |
Agricola's Victory & Domitian's Response: Tacitus Agricola 3| |
What should Domitian do? Use the webpage's forward arrows to read further. |
Agricola's Death: Tacitus Agricola 43| |
Death by natural causes? Or poisoned? |
PLINY
| See Pliny weblink section in Stage 35in Book V. |
Nicaea, Bithynia| |
Roman coins as depicted on p.46; they show the walls of the city, now known as Iznik, located in north-west Turkey. Here's an interesting, illustrated account of the city of Nicaea. |
Temple of Saturn, Rome| |
Brief description, photos and drawings of the temple where Pliny was Prefect of the State Treasury. See also this dramatic photoof the temple. |
| See also the Roman Forum weblink section in Stage 29in Book IV. |
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